Extraction

Tooth extraction is sometimes necessary when a tooth is too damaged to be repaired or when keeping it in place could affect surrounding teeth and gums. While the aim of dentistry is always to preserve natural teeth whenever possible, there are occasions where removal is the most appropriate course of treatment to protect overall oral health. At Alpha Dental Group, extractions are offered when they are the safest and most suitable option for a patient’s long-term dental well-being.

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When Tooth Extraction May Be Needed

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Tooth extraction is generally considered only after all other restorative options have been explored. Some common reasons include:

• Severe decay – When a tooth is too badly damaged by decay to support a filling, crown, or root canal treatment.
• Advanced gum disease – Periodontal disease can weaken the tissues and bone supporting the teeth, sometimes making extraction necessary.
• Impacted teeth – Wisdom teeth or other teeth that are trapped under the gum line and cause pain, swelling, or misalignment.
• Overcrowding – In preparation for orthodontic treatment, one or more teeth may be removed to create sufficient space.
• Trauma or injury – Teeth fractured beyond repair often require removal.

Each case is individually assessed through clinical examination and, where necessary, X-rays to determine the extent of damage or disease.

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Types of Tooth Extraction

Tooth extractions can vary in complexity depending on the tooth’s condition and position in the mouth.

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Simple extraction

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This procedure is performed when the tooth is visible above the gum line and can be loosened and removed with dental instruments under local anaesthesia.

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Surgical extraction

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In cases where the tooth is broken, impacted, or not easily accessible, a surgical approach may be required. This involves making a small incision in the gum and, at times, sectioning the tooth for easier removal.

Both approaches aim to remove the affected tooth while minimising trauma to surrounding tissues.

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The Extraction Procedure

The process begins with a consultation, where the dentist reviews the patient’s dental history, medical conditions, and any medications being taken. These details are important as they can influence the treatment plan and healing process.

During the procedure:

1. Local anaesthesia is administered to numb the area.
2. For a simple extraction, the dentist gently loosens the tooth before removing it with forceps.
3. For surgical cases, the dentist makes a small incision in the gum, removes any bone blocking the tooth, and extracts the tooth in sections if needed.
4. Once the tooth is removed, the area is cleaned, and stitches may be placed if required.

The procedure is usually completed in a single visit, with aftercare instructions provided to support proper healing.

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Aftercare and Recovery

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Recovery following tooth extraction is an important part of the process. Proper aftercare helps reduce discomfort and prevents complications.

• Bleeding control – A gauze pad is typically placed on the extraction site to help stop bleeding. Patients are advised to bite down gently for a few hours.
• Swelling management – Applying a cold compress on the outside of the cheek may help reduce swelling.
• Pain relief – Over-the-counter or prescribed medications can be used to manage discomfort.
• Diet adjustments – Soft foods and plenty of fluids are recommended in the initial days after extraction. Hot, spicy, and hard foods should be avoided until the site heals.
• Oral hygiene – Brushing and flossing should continue, but the extraction site should be avoided until healing progresses. Gentle rinsing with salt water may be advised after the first 24 hours.

Most patients recover within a few days, though surgical extractions may require a slightly longer healing period.

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Possible Risks and Complications

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Although tooth extraction is considered safe, as with any medical procedure, there are potential risks. These include:

• Dry socket – A condition where the blood clot at the extraction site is dislodged or fails to form, exposing the bone and nerves.
• Infection – If bacteria enter the site, an infection may develop, requiring further treatment.
• Nerve injury – Rarely, surgical extractions involving wisdom teeth or lower molars may affect nearby nerves, causing temporary numbness or tingling.
• Delayed healing – Underlying health conditions or smoking may slow down recovery.
  

Careful planning, sterile techniques, and clear aftercare guidance significantly reduce the likelihood of complications.

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Tooth Replacement After Extraction

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Extracting a tooth can leave a gap that affects chewing, speech, and the alignment of remaining teeth. For this reason, patients are usually advised to consider replacement options.

Common restorative solutions include:

• Dental implants – Titanium posts that replace the tooth root and support a crown for a natural-looking result.
• Dental bridges – Prosthetic teeth anchored to neighbouring teeth.
• Dentures – Removable replacements suitable for multiple missing teeth.
  

The choice of replacement depends on the number of teeth removed, oral health status, and patient preference. Replacing missing teeth helps maintain jawbone health, prevents the shifting of surrounding teeth, and restores function.

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Preparing for Tooth Extraction

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Patients scheduled for extraction are generally asked to:

• Provide a full list of medications, including blood thinners, which may affect bleeding.
• Inform the dentist of any medical conditions, such as diabetes or heart disease.
• Follow pre-procedure instructions, which may include fasting for a few hours if sedation is required.
  

Being well-prepared ensures a smoother experience and recovery.

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Book a Consultation with Alpha Dental Group

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If you are experiencing dental pain, overcrowding, or issues related to gum disease, it is important to seek timely advice. Alpha Dental Group offers comprehensive assessments and treatment planning for tooth extractions and related care. Arrange a consultation to learn more about your options and the treatment that best supports your long-term dental health.